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New Pew Survey on Reading Habits Misinterpreted

10/26/2012

 
A new survey of American reading habits was published earlier this week. Much of the news coverage led with the somewhat surprising finding that young people (age 16-29), supposedly enamored of gaming and video content, reported that they read and use libraries. In fact, that they do so more than older people.

New York Times blog: Young people frequent libraries, study says.
Christian Science Monitor: Millenials: A rising generation of book lovers.
NPR (Boston): Facebook generation is reading strong.

Sexy stuff, but I think it's misleading.

One message is that young people are reading "a lot." What constitutes "a lot" is a judgement call, obviously, but in this study the data showed that 83% of 18-29 year-olds had a read a book sometime in the previous year. That strikes me as a low bar to be considered "a reader."

Other data show that Americans spend much more time watching television each day than they do reading. This chart is from the Bureau of Labor Statistics

Picture
Those data include Americans of all ages. If we look at younger Americans, the picture looks more or less the same: not a lot of reading. The figure below shows leisure time activities, separated by sex.
Picture
The second way in which the coverage of the Pew study was deceptive lay in the reported age difference. Yes, young people were more likely than older people to report having read a book in the past year, but that difference was very likely due to the fact that many of them were students, doing required reading.

The study did report these data separately, shown below.
Picture
By the sometime-in-the-last year measure, older and younger Americans are about the same, except insofar as they are required to read for work or school.

Likewise, the increased use of libraries by young respondents is likely mediated by their need to use libraries for schoolwork.

There have been many reports of American reading habits in the last fifty years, and especially in the last twenty. The overall picture is that reading dropped when television became widely available, and hasn't changed much since then.
Mike G
10/29/2012 01:36:43 am

Nice post. I'd noticed the headlines too and had wondered about 'em.

We're doing a small randomized trial to see if we can vault the pleasure reading habits of middle school kids. The intervention is access to a Kindle, 1:1 help in finding a book (thru free preview chapters), and text/phone call reminders to read.

Baseline: kids were reading 1 hour/week. So perhaps a bit less than the 18 minutes/day self-report.

Early results: rise to 3+ hours/week.

Angie B.
10/29/2012 04:15:05 am

Mike G., thanks for sharing your efforts. I hope you keep us posted on the outcome.

We are also systematically promoting reading at our small P-12 school. We adapted a reading "passport" program from another school for our elementary, wherein students experience books from various genres and get their passports "stamped." Our vice principal did a beautiful job putting together materials for the students and a letter for parents. I think it will generate enthusiasm, and I am looking forward to long-term and short-term results.

Now what to for our upper school . . .

Mr. Willingham, I sent this article link to our teaching and administrative faculty with some brief comments. I am thinking that it might be helpful for some of our teachers to show our high schoolers the charts on leisure time as they discuss reading with them.


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    The goal of this blog is to provide pointers to scientific findings that are applicable to education that I think ought to receive more attention.

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